Both the incidence of nausea (OR 3.76, 95% CI 2.06–6.88) and vomiting (OR 4.48, 95% CI 2.4–8.37) were increased in patients not receiving steroids. Curr Med Res Opin. Evidence-based analysis of risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting… The incidence of PONV after administration of various anesthetic agents reported by different authors cannot be compared since each group of authors used different criteria and different population groups. Postoperative nausea and vomiting following inpatient surgeries in a teaching hospital: a retrospective database analysis. 30in a randomized control trial found that volatile anesthetics were the leading cause of early postoperative vomiting. 8. , 26,27who found that intravenous induction of anesthesia with propofol has no relevant effect on PONV. 34Nausea is not always followed by retching or vomiting. Studies published to date have used a variety of methodologies that do not permit meaningful conclusions to be drawn. 13Administration of propofol for anesthesia induction and/or maintenance did not reduce the risk for early nausea or delayed vomiting in our surgical population. , they most often did and did not occur together). The distribution of patients according to postoperative nausea and vomiting is given in table 3. Kim JH, Lim MS, Choi JW, Kim H, Kwon YS, Lee JJ. Positive coefficients are associated with an increased risk of developing the complication (OR > 1). PONV risk factors have been described in the literature since the late 1800s (20). 3,6,8,11Indeed, we found that some risk factors were predictive of both nausea and vomiting (female gender, nonsmoking status, general anesthesia) but that history of migraine and type of surgery, with the exception of urology, were solely related to nausea. The modern era in PONV risk factor research began in the early 1990s, with publication of the first studies that attempted t… Upon arrival in the postanesthesia care unit, patients were asked by the nurse to rate their nausea experience on the VAS device. Patients who had nausea or vomiting received a similar amount of sufentanil throughout the perioperative period as patients without these symptoms (P = 0.74). Anesth Analg 118 (1): 85 – 113. NSAID = nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug. , 23Apfel et al. A nesthesiology 1999; 91: 693–700, Kranke P, Apfel CC, Papenfuss T, Rauch S, Lobmann U, Rubsam B, Greim CA, Roewer N: An increased body mass index is no risk factor for postoperative nausea and vomiting: A systematic review and results of original data. Hysterectomies trigger part of the nervous system that can predispose to nausea and vomiting after surgery. A standardized follow-up survey of PONV incidence was performed over a 3-month period, including all surgical inpatients older than 15 yr who were able to read and understand French and were undergoing various elective surgical procedures: orthopedics, neurosurgery, vascular–thoracic, ophthalmology, maxillofacial, gynecology, urology, plastic, abdominal, stomatology, and ear, nose, and throat (ENT). In the Dale model, one has to estimate (1) the regression coefficients of the covariates for nausea, (2) the regression coefficients of the covariates for vomiting, and (3) the association parameter between nausea and vomiting. The inhalational agents are variably associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting, and nitrous oxide … Thus, a representative sample of everyday surgery was achieved. Eur J Anaesth 1992; 9(suppl 6): 25–31, Andrews PLR: Towards an understanding of the mechanism of PONV, The Effective Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. By Pete Chapman [CC-BY-SA-3.0], via Wikimedia Commons Figure 1 – Opioid analgesics, such as diamorphine hydrochloride, … Recommendations for prevention and treatment, and research agenda. History of migraine and type of surgery were mainly responsible for nausea but not for vomiting. Nausea was not assessed while the patient was asleep.  |  History of migraine was almost significantly related to nausea (P = 0.052) but not to vomiting (P = 0.63). AUC = area under the curve; BMI = body mass index; NSAID = nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug; PONV = postoperative nausea and vomiting; PVAS = persistence of VAS pain scores; VAS = visual analog scale; T max = time of the maximal pain score. 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